DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A WEB-BASED STUDENT COMPLAINT SYSTEM

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

As the complexity and degree of complains among students on campuses grow, a well-structured software with a good database will have to be utilized to aid lecturers and school authorities fight this trend, a computerized complaint system will offer a solution on this issue.  This software is set up in order to meet the complaints submitted by students, which is handled by the appropriate body. The software is divided into three different sections:  Student Login, Student Register, and The Administrator Session.

The Complaint record gives information on any complain submitted by the user (the student) which can be viewed by the Administrator which takes the complains to the appropriate school authority. The Student Login requires the student to log into the software to be able to lay a complaint; The Student Register is a form to collect the students’ information before he or she can use the system; The Administrator is the one in charge of the system to access all the submitted Complaints. The aim of designing this software is to model a computerized complaint system to enable students submit complains or any wrong doing on the campus, to be handled by a professional administrator who will send the complaints to the appropriate body.

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

The computer has become widely accepted as an assistant that is exceptionally competent and well defined.

Now researchers have developed an entirely new kind of tool of computer that serves as an assistant whose skills include finding reasonable solution to problem for which there may be no hard and fast “right” answers. 

It should come as no surprise, then, that almost all the task that could be solved manually, can now be solved with just a click of the computer keyboard. At this point one can say that a complain system is a software that uses modern day web tools to collect students’ complaints and store it in the same way a human expert will save a complain about no light at the hostel or how a lecturer plans to extort money from them to pass a course. This software will be designed in such a way that it can listen to students’ medical problems.

A computerized complaint system can generally collect complaints, store them and these records are collected by the appropriate authority and then decide on the next step to be taken in solving the issues. 

Traditionally, computer software uses an algorithmic or procedural approach to problem solving; in other words’ it uses a rigid step-by-step approach. Thus, its system has been developed with the best tools to be able to hold the students’ data and this said data can be retrieved anytime.

 

1.1      STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

During the analysis and data collection of this project, it was discovered that there existed a manual form of collecting and storing students complains in other for them to be attended to, and for future purpose by the Students Affairs Department of the University of Uyo.

That is to say that the process of daily task and activities are done manually which is quite unfortunate; manual procedural for complains execution delays and reduces result output quality.

        Manual complain record keeping has resulted in many setbacks to the expected standard.  The setback encountered includes: 

• Time wastage and long quarries.
• Partial or total loss of file or documents.
• Under recording of criminal analysis.
• Exposures of confidential matters.
• Inefficiency of some members of staff due to laziness in searching of the files.

As a result of these problems, the manual system of complains record information storage, input and retrieval is very clumsy: inefficient and unbelievable.

 

1.2      PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

To develop computerized complaint software to carryout tedious work and activities performed by human beings, in which they end up misplacing and discarding some important files and students records.  But if this (computerized complain system) is installed it will render remedy to this case.

 

1.3      AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

The main aims and objectives of the system are:

• To design a web based complaint system record and information system to replace some extent of human role in cases of unavailability of job.
• To provide quick responds to students complains on campus.

Also, the purpose of this software is to model a computerized complain system to enable proper complain submitting and control.

 

1.4      SCOPE

The scope of this project is limited to the Students Affairs Department of University of Uyo.  These complains include: hike in school fees and other changes, Lecturer’s harassment, fire-outbreak, murder, stealing, armed robbery, and other ones you will find in the project as time goes on.

 

1.5      DEFINITION OF TERMS

To fully understand what the study is all about, important and dispensable terms have been chosen and due definition given to them.

-              Computer:  This is an electronic device operated under the control of instruction stored in its memory unit which can accept and store data for future use as well as produce output from the processing.

-              Manually:  Done, Operated, Worked, e.t.c by the hand or hands rather than by an electronic or electrical device.

-              Complaints:  an expression of discontent, regret, pain, censure, resentment, or grief; lament, faultfinding a cause of discontent, pain, grief e.t.c.

-              Computerized:  To control, perform, or store (a system operation or information) by means of an electronic Computer.

-              Complain Record:  Complain record and complaint proceedings are concerned with expression of discontent, regret, pain, censure, resentment, or grief; lament, faultfinding a cause of discontent for which guilty individuals report to appropriate authorities for proper results.  Therefore the objective of complaint proceedings are to determine the cause and solutions of the reported issues, if the issue is found to be a wrong doing, the wrongdoer must be punished and protect the school community, and rehabilitate the offender.

-              INEFFICIENCY: the state of not achieving maximum productivity; failure to make the best use of time or resources.

-              INFORMATION STORAGE: Information storage is an act of a system that keeps data accessible to the information processors; the information storage unit is either a hard drive or a server that usually contains a database.

-              RETRIEVAL: the action of obtaining or consulting material stored in a computer system.

-              ALGORITHMIC: A finite set of unambiguous instructions performed in a prescribed sequence to achieve a goal, especially a mathematical rule or procedure used to compute a desired result. Algorithms are the basic for most computer programming.

 

 

 

EDITOR SOURCE:     Design And Implementation Of A Web-Based Student Complaint System

 

THE IMPACT OF INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT ON MARKETING ORGANIZATION

 

 

An understanding of the marketing environment is a prequisite for efficient marketers. This is primary because every marketing units affected by their immediate environment.

In essence, marketing environment can be seen as the sum of the inter-relationship business and between the marketers and the society in management. The word environment does not necessary mean physical environment but it is used to describe all those influence that bears upon the individual organization. In this case organization must be mindful of those environment factors that can militate against their growth and development.

The Nigeria marketing firms is not static it is dynamic in nature i.e. it changes everyday and with this knowledge organization must be able to sense any changes that occurs so as to adopt and a formulate strategy that would enable them to function well in various environment. This project work will be restricted only to those internal environment factors that can have any influence over the operations and the existence of any organization may companies have failed in the past just because of this negligence to recognize the impact those internal endowment accords on their company.

This project work is design in such a way that will enlighten the company and the marketing on how to handle any problem faced by their relationship with there internal environment.

1.2     STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS OF THE STUDY

The survival of business organization depends on how people of market patronize a buy of products. Any organization, either profit oriented or non-profit oriented must be able to identify the need of its target and provide product or service to satisfy the need.

Basically, most non-profit organization falls to identify the needs and this leads to the untimely death of such organization mostly government and individual programmes are not people oriented due to this, peop1 decided not to buy profit. The reason may be that the organization lack marketing concepts idea and believe that the organization can produce anything’s are to be saved by this study.

1.3     AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objectives of this research works include the following:

a.      Making the company arid marketing managers to understand the various factors of business internal environment.

b.     To create awareness about the impact of internal environment factors on the project

c.      Another impact objectives of this research project is to enable us to understand what constitute the company internal environment why is it so, it’s also important to know this internal environment factors, what function do they play in the activities of the organization, what would likely happen if company fail to understand this factors.

d.     To make organization understand how to access a firm Strength and Weakness in there relationship with their internal environment to successful exploits the opportunities and avoids that in an industry.

e.      Failure research: This study will be great importance to future researcher on the subject (impact of internal environment on marketing) because of its growing importance in the growth development organization.

1.4     SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study on the impact of internal environment on marketing organization will specially be of great importance.

Its world service as a secondary data to aid them in their research, it will also be of use to people who would like to be better findings of this research as they can correct the sort coming of this work developed upon the findings and make meaningful recommendation.

1.     Marketing and Strategic Managers: this study will be of a use to other group like marketing and strategic manager in their various decisions making. And whether to incorporate it into their strategic planning program, they would serve as an aid of creating distinctive advantages.

2.     The researcher: beside the already motional significant, the study expend knowledge of the researcher on a aspect internal environment in addition, the study prepares the researcher for investigative research of higher class or for writing test in future.

1.5     SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This study will be treated with close attention to the industry and its internal environment. This study will also identify if there is any relationship between company and their various internal environment and if any the impact of this internal environment factor on marketing.

Not withstanding, this project not go beyond it areas of interest. Any issue which out the scope stated above will not be addressed as part of this project work. It is directed and restricted to only its ma topic as the main research problem and it’s restricted towards researching for the answer of that problem only.

1.6     LIMITATION AND CONSTRAINT TO THE STUDY

The research work has been contain as to time, lack of resent and adequate material, unwillingness of the respondent and the case study to give true replies, lack of cooperation of the case study. However, effort has been made to ensure that the above limitation did not hinder effective competition and quality of research work.

 

ABSTRACT

The research works seek to indentify the impact of internal environment on marketing organization. (A case study of Shoprite) the main purpose of this research topic is take caution on the relevant to the marketing organization. In essence, marketing environment can be seen as the sum of the inter relationship business an between the marketers and the society management. The survival   of business organization depends on how people of market patronize a buy of products. Any organizations either profit oriented and provide product or service to satisfy the need. Business environment is divided into two; internal and external environment. The internal environment is all factor with the organization which an organization have control over it, while the external environment is all the factor outside the organization which an organization have little no control over it.0The purpose of this study is an attempt to find out the impact of all the factors outside the organization, which provide opportunities or pose threats to the organization.

 

 

EDITOR SOURCE:     The Impact Of Internal Environment On Marketing Organization (A Case Study Of Shoprite Ilorin)

SALES PROMOTION AS AN EFFECTIVE MARKETING STRATEGY FOR SELLING CONSUMER PRODUCTS

 

 

The survival of any business organization depend to a very large extent on the patronage that it  enjoys from those who consume its product thus, promotion means to push forward, to advance in idea in such a way as to gain acceptance and approval for it.

            And also one the crucial components in the selling of the consumer product is promotion which is used in pervasion and communication which could either be form of advertisement personal selling’s, sales promotion, as a competitor in the market hope to influence as many consumers as possible to choose their product over alternative product. Sales promotion is an effective strategy in an organization and is an important ingredient in most promotion program through which a consumers are persuade and convince to buy a product or service and commonly support by sales promotion this belief is strengthen by port (1996), whose work have attempted to spell out Experiment analysis of the theory of sales promotion in relation to consumption.

            Also according to Ray Wild (years) promotion is concerned primarily with the persuasion gained largely at securing increasing the sale of the actual market  prior to this study, the researcher was able to observe restriction in the use of sale promotion in consumer product effective in consumer product, however, this shows that the effective promotion strategies will diminish market effort.

            While the presence of effective promotion strategies will bring about good performance on set goal as techniques of sale promotion is to complement and reinforce effort towards the achievement of set goal.

            The sale promotion is an effective marketing strategy for selling consumer product. Need to identify their goals, plan, strategies and facilities within this limitation to reach those goal effectively execute their plan and evaluate their performance, the relevance of this paper to became obvious, its important to know the various promotional activities embark upon in selling of product and its effectiveness in the marketing of her product.

            Promotion is an exercise aimed at information, persuasion and communication about a goals or services to potential consumers in a manner designed to illicit positive action.

Luck (1994)   communication process to comprise communication message, media, production, it is still long sufficient to make a complete satisfactory product.

The potential customers must be told why it is so satisfactory. Sales promotion strategies can be development as a promotional goal.

Sales promotion can be defined as any marketing activities outside personal selling, advertising and publicity. Sales promotion is used as a compliment way to other promotional strategies and auction.

There are different classes of sales promotion namely;

Consumer promotion; this, aims at generating sufficient sales promotion for a particular product which includes lottery, free sample and cash and trade discount etc.

Introduction promotion: This is to increase sales or demand of industrial goods or product through quality trade discount, credit, sales, free sample and industrial exhibition etc.

Trade promotion: this encourage the channel of distribution ot purchase the product or an organization, this can be accomplished by means of competition among middle men. Sale promotion major objective among others is to enhance the sales of cut over of a company’s product which will bring about increase in the co-operation profit. Sales promotion strategy is a part of the overall marketing plan and is normally in conjunction with other strategies. A price reduction for example would probably be supported with advertising. A new product would be introduced by a sales promotion campaign, an expansion of the sale promotion. The sale promotion is been tenancies of a market shares, the expansions of a territory.

            The elimination of our lets. The promotional goal, the long serve the firm’s ultimate goal. The long run of profit.

            The sales promotion is a selling activities that co-ordinate advertising and personal selling into an effective persuasive force. It is claimed that sales promotion move buyer towards the product. Many sales promotion campaigns involve the use of incentive. Incentives are something of financial nature added to an offer to encourage some over behavioural response.

a.         Sample: To give out the sample free f charge to consumer.

b.         Contest and Games: This desires to win easy monetary reward via games of chances is now spreading like wild fire.

c.         Trade Shows Exhibition: This is where they will demonstrate the product in a different product.

1.2       STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM

            The researcher found it difficult to gather relevant information for the preparation of the project because of some difficulties, some of which were:

            Relevance of superior officer to allow the researcher to some vita information needed for the project.

            Questionnaire distributed to some member for sample where not returned. Financial constraint on the part of the researcher, no much fund was available to enable the researcher to move around and acquire more relevant information.

            Getting the staff list of salesmen from the marketing department, was a though task due to negative attitude of Nigerian to researchers.

            The other difficulty was the aspect of getting people to answer the questionnaire because most of the time the work force were busy, but after much persuasion they cooperated with the researcher.

            Time constrain on the part of researchers due to the nature of the programme of hand.

1.3       OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

            The research is mainly to examine the effectiveness of promotion in manufacturing industry by laying emphasis on BAGCO. Since inception of poly propylene bag BAGCO, which started with just forty (40) Polypropylene bags to test the market, made history rapidly as a result of the innovated product.

            The aims is also to determine the promotional activities implored by BAGCO for the purpose of this study and for other manufacturing industries.

            Advertisement on television is one of the best medium. The promotion is able to reach the target which makes them (target market) perceive the product in it tangible form; the popular jingle. “BAGCO” super sac well don win” the advert reveals that it is sensible for industrial purpose.

 

MANAGEMENT PLAN

            The impact of the competition was also felt when they introduced something similar as “BAGCO” a sub standard product was not recites able. This was noticed after five years of excellence performance (1996) by decline in sales but was tackled and ended by the marketing cure when they introduced massive distribution at every channels, the quality, future etc was improved upon and more sales forces where price for those who will not but in  large quantity to eliminate the effectivness of the competitors. The research also made us to see the responsibility of demand elasticity. It was demand for Bagco was Zero and Inelastic perfectly unitary during the raining seasons which result in increase in price to equal to the same percentage in quantity demanded.

            It is also important for its part of the requirement for the award of higher national Diploma in marketing in the department of marketing Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin.

1.4       SIGNIFIANCE OF THE STUDY

            This study will assist in formulating effective marketing programme in the manufacturing industry with the aim of improving customers’ satisfaction, importance of sales promotion at profit and close monitoring of the action of competitions. It is strongly believe that this research work will be readable and useful to all manufacturing company as a whole.

1.5       SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The research study is limited to Nigerian bag manufacturing company. The study covers the entire organization but will be represented by only 20% of the whole population.

 

1.6       DEFINATION OF TERMS

Sales promotion: sales promotion can be defined as any marketing activity outside personal sense, promotion has been defined as any identifiable effort with part of the seller to persuade buyer to accept the seller information and store it in retrievable form.

            According to BLATE R.G and NBELSON (1997) sales promotion consist of a diverse collection of incentive tools, mostly short term design to stimulate greater purchase of particular product or services by customer. Sale promotion is a variety short incentive used to encourage trial purchase tool for consumer free goods point purchase display etc.

            The sales promotion is a selling activities that co-ordinate advertising and personal selling into an effective persuasive forces. It is claimed that sales promotion moves buyer toward the product. Many sales promotion campaigns involve the use of incentive. Incentives are something of financial nature added to an offer to encourage some over behavioral resposnse. There are many ways of sales promotion.

Sampling: To give out the sampling free of charge to consumer.

Contest and game: The desire to win easy monetary reward via game of chance is now spreading like wild fire.

Trade and show Exhibition: This is where they will demonstrate the product.

            According to OSUAGWU AND ENIOLA (1997) sales promotion has major effort which include:

To get potential customers to buy a particular product they have use before.

To encourage heavily and thick usage of product.

To suggest new uses of product

To give product a good image

            According to STARTON AND FUTRELL (1996). A sales  promotional tool can be classified into three to serve various  purposes, two categories are:

            Consumer example include coupons contest gift, free sample, sweep stakes, trade shows, exhibition, point of purchase display product demonstration etc.

            Middle men: example are trade shows exhibition, free goods and product demonstration etc.

MARKETING

            Marketing is the process of getting product to the consumer which involve a number of related business operation, i.e find out what consumer wants, designing the product so that the consumer can buy it and the manufacturer will also benefit in term of profit.

            Thus, marketing therefore can be defined as the management function which organized and directs all those business activities involve in assessing and converting consumer purchasing power into effective demand for a specific product or service to the final consumer or used so as to achieve the organizational goals

STRATEGY

            PETER AND DONAELLY (1992) defined strategy as all activities aimed at getting product into all activities aimed at getting product into the dealers pipeline and accelerating sales by offering inducement to dealers, retailers and sales people.

            According to STRATOM AND FUTRELL (1993) strategy is a promotion aimed at middlemen, who are the next link forwarding the manufacturer distributions channel. Many manufacturer consumer goods use this marketing strategy.

SELLING

            Selling simply means asking prospect customers to buy more to the point, goods sales membership is selling goods that will not come back to people who will.

            Sales membership creates satisfied customers, not just cash producing sales. For a sales one made is ended but a satisfied successful sales consist of certain element of:

-               It induces other to buy a commodity of service

-               It confers some need benefit on the purchase

-               It is transacted at a price which yield a profit

CONSUMER

            Consumer simple means the last possessor of the last stage of production.

            The level of awareness of most Nigerians are still the major factor responsible for the slow face of involvements of consumerism in the country. Many Nigerians are illiterates as such they do not know their rights as consumer in their exchange relationship with manufacturer of marketing intermediaries.

PRODUCT

            A product can be defined as a set of tangible physical attributes assembled in an identifiable form e.g apple, orange, shoes, table etc. product attributes that appeal to consumer motivation and / or buying pattern are insignificant in this narrow meaning.

            A product may therefore be defined as a set of tangible and intangible attributes, including packaging, colour size, price, manufacturers and retailers services, which the buyer may accept as offering what satisfaction.

MAJOR PRODUCT STRATEGIES

            Below are five of the product mix strategies used by manufacturing and middlemen in making their product.

Expansion of production mix: A product can be expanded by icnrasing the number of the product lines and or increasing the depth within a line.

Contraction of product Mix: A product mix can be throne out by elimination an entire line or by reducing the assortment within the line.

Product Positioning: The ability ot management to position a product appropriately in the market could be a major determination of profit.

Trading up trading down: This strategy involves essentially an expansion of the product line. Trading up means adding higher priced prestige products to a line in the hope of increasing sales of existing low priced products.

EDITOR SOURCE:   Sales Promotion As An Effective Marketing Strategy For Selling Consumer Products (A Case Study Of Nigeria Bags Manufacturing Company, Ikeja Lagos)

ADVERTISING, ITS ROLE AND IMPORTANCE IN THE MARKETING OF CONSUMER PRODUCT

 

 

 

 

In an attempt to achieve the set goals of an organization, the organization must effectively communicate to the potential consumers and create awareness as to the existence of the product and the benefits to be derived from its usage. All these are of vital importance.

The concept of marketing is gaining more attention from various firms and companies, institutions, nations and from various exchange institutions.

Basically, marketing focuses its attention upon certain variables that serve as a tool of function in which advertising as a means of communication happen to be one of them and it can best described as a leading role of an organization project. It is said that consumers have every right to be adequately informed about any product of their choice.

Therefore, effective communication to consumers, increase their awareness as to product existence and benefit derived from their usage which is paramount to various marketing oriented companies.

Advertising is a process of getting an idea about a brand into consumer’s head, (i.e an idea which will move him or her towards purchase). A basic fact of life about marketing is that a product cannot sell itself: even a product that is designed perfectly to meet buyer’s desires and offered in affordable information about its availability and benefits are provided. For this to occur, we must understand both the brand and the consumer. The extent in which audiences receives and interpret advertisement determines the effectiveness of advertising.

Advertising must be received before it can be acted upon. Advertising is a major tool that firms adopt in reaching their customers. Firms use advert to alter or change their attitude and behaviors of their customers. Organization use advertising to persuade customers to buy what they do not really need.

1.2      STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

Despite all the benefits derivable from advertising and the need to keep up with stiff competition in market places, many organizations especially, in developing countries stiff fails to accept advertising as a marketing tool to be reckoned with. Rather, advertising budgets has been regarded as a waste and drain on their profits. Besides, critics of the marketing tools sees it as an evil that has eroded all rational thinking of the consumers’ reaction to purchase and increase sales.

1.3      OBJECTIVE/SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The research will be carried out to find out the adverting philosophy in our industries.

The study is specifically undertaken to know the role and importance of global advertisement on consumers attitudes and preference in the firms products and also to know the reasons for recent increase in the advertisement both by the manufacturing and services of the company.

To study consumers reactions towards the product and as well to study consumers reaction the company advertisement.

The study will help to know the image that the company commands, generally in the market and the image it creates in consumers concerning certain products of the organization.  The marketing activities are becoming complex as a result of increasing stiff competition from various manufacturers to support their existence in the market places.

A lot of product are now struggling for the few earned by consumer naira. One must focus more attention on the importance of advertising, which is to inform and persuade consumer towards products and attribute benefits.

Manufacturing organization are making serious effort to motivate people towards purchasing their products and at the same time protect goods image of the organization. While focusing attention on advertising it must be equally, borne in mind that consumers are often irrational, unpredictable and erratic in their behaviours.

Therefore, there is need to understand the behaviour of consumers. However another significance of this research work includes:

1.        It creates mass markets that encourage economic of scale in production.

2.        It reduce distribution costs by pre-selling goods

3.        It contributes to the maintenance of high quality standard by making the public aware of the identify of the manufacturer.

4.        It also provides information about old and new product.

 

 

 

1.4      SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This project research will be restricted to advertising as a promotional tool, and it is going to deal precisely with the contribution of advertising in the development of manufacturing industry in Nigeria.

However, the following areas are going to be covered.

Advertising planning in global industry, concept of advertising, the meaning of company performance in relation to the sales performance and image of advertising product.

The study will involve one Global Soaps products. And again the study will also emphasis whether advertising is necessary or not during the period of recession.

That is, when the sellers, market prevails. The study will embody the concept of promotion in general and different techniques of advertising use in promoting Global products and suggest, if necessary, at the end of the study, the possibility of improving the present advertising programme to make it more effective.

One important problem encountered during the undertaking of this research study is financial constraint, which deprived the research work and the ability to visit many places and meet widely dispersed consumers of global product to gather enough information or data needed.

The general attitudes of the respondents given questionnaire and those interviewed personally also constitute another constraint to the project.

1.5      DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS

VARIABLE: This variable means different tools or method use in carrying out advertisement.

BRAND: Brand represents the various types of products talking about the size, the colour, the packing e.t.c.

PHILOSOPHY: This implies the ways and manner by which advertising activities are been carryout to inform, to aware, and to persuade consumers.

STIFF COMPETITION: This implies a situation where we have very strong competitors producing the same or similar products at a very high rate.

MOTIVATION: This means, encouraging the potential customers to buy their products in other to safeguard the organization products.

PROFIT: This implies all the gains and reward from all capital invested.

PRODUCT: Product means the total good & services produce.

VALUE: This means the amount or worth or capital invested to produce goods & services

SOPHISTICATED: this implies a very good ways of persuading both the potential and immediate customers to retain their loyalty towards the product.

POTENTIAL BUYER: This implies old and long term customer that as been loyal to the product.

COMMUNICATION: the means the process of desminating or processing of passing useful information about the product.

SAMPLE: A small part or quality intended to show what the whole is like.

 

 

EDITOR SOURCE:    Advertising, Its Role And Importance In The Marketing Of Consumer Product (A Case Study Of Global Soap & Detergent Industry Limited Ilorin)