CHAPTER ONE   The growth and development of the Nigerian economy has not been stable over the years as a result, the country’s economy has witnessed so many shocks and disturbances both internally and externally over the decades. Internally, the unstable investment and consumption patterns as well as the improper implementation of public policies, changes in future expectations and the accelerator are some of the factors responsible for it (Siyan and Adebayo, 2009). Similarly, the external factors identified are wars, revolutions, population growth rates and migration, technological transfer and changes as well as the openness of the country’s economy. The cyclical fluctuations in the country’s economic activities has led to the periodical increase in the country’s unemployment and inflation rates as well as the external sector disequilibria(Okunrounmu, 2003). In other words, fiscal policy is a major economic stabilisation weapon that involves measure taken to regulate and ...

 EFFECT OF GROUNDNUT SHELL ASH ON SOIL STABILIZATION ABSTRACT    As the topic of this research project implies ( Effect of groundnut shell ash on lateritic soil properties ) and which aim and objective are to shed light on Engineering Properties of Laterite Soil which is extensively used as a construction materials in Civil Engineering Project which is accomplished through intensive field investigation and comprehensive laboratory test.  The index property test classified the soil as (A-2-4) subgroup under the AASHTO soil classification scheme.  Thus the material is deemed inadequate for use as a road pavement base or sub-base.  Index and geo-technical properties test conducted in the soil containing groundnut shell ash combination shows significant improvement in properties.  All test on this research were carried out in accordance with BS (1377:1975).  Although G.S.A. does not have the same binding power with cement but from the analysi...

QUALITY AND IMPROVEMENT OF BEARING CAPACITY OF SANDY SOIL BY GROUTING The construction of structure on weak ground often requires the soil to be improved in order to ensure the safety and the stability of surrounding buildings. The ground improvement in granular soils can be achieved by different methods such as vibro-floatation, compaction piles, and compaction with explosives, excavation and replacement, grouting e.t.c. The selective of the most suitable method depend on a variety of factors, such as: soil conditions, required degree of compaction, types of structure to be supported, as well as site specific considerations available time for completion of the project, availability of equipment and materials e.t.c. Soil compaction can offer effective solutions for many foundation problems and his especially useful for reducing total settlement in sand. Sandy soil means most of the soil particles are bigger than 2mm in diameter. It gives good water drainage and has a low capacit...