Most Project Defense Questions and Steps to Defend Your Project with Recordable Success

Most Project Defense Questions and Steps to Defend Your Project with Recordable Success

Project Defense Questions:

Question 1: Why Did You Decide to Undertake This Particular Project Topic?

This project defense question will be troublesome which is beyong convincing the panel that you simply have done an applicable study. "What is that analysis issue?" It is likewise, which you should answer directly.

The issue(s) raised and handle during the study ought to be clarified indepthly. Disclose that your mission to handle this drawback or disadvantage transformed into your motivation which powered the need to discover an answer for it. Endeavor not to state money related reasons or the need to graduate as an explanation as you will destroy the motivation behind research.

Questions 2: What Motivates You On Your Research?

Questions two and three may seem to be comparable anyway respondent may uncover a little qualification. You'll be persuaded by expressing different disadvantages to begin this analysis. You'll be inspired by the need to add to the data pool inside the field and you'll even be persuaded by professional interest.

Question 3: Why Is the Drawback you’ve Got Tackled Valuable:

You should have the option to decide the issue being handled as important enough to warrant the direct of an educational examination concerning its goals.

Question 4: What's Your Analysis About?

This is frequently the essential project defense question that you will be asked. Well this is frequently an area of educational logical research resistance technique that gets most students stifling for words not understanding what is expected is a condensed analysis in a couple of sentences utilizing your Abstract. It's the exact of the work and a higher comprehension of your abstract that is all you wish to ask past this commonly humiliating question.

Question 5: What Are The Aims, Questions, and Hypotheses?

Students shouldn't trouble much about being in-depth when answering this. It’d be re-asked during your Ph.D defense.

Question 6: However Can This Study Contribute To The Body Of Knowledge?

This is a question that has not altered throughout the years. As of now you're expected to legitimize how your study can expand the current data. Your methodology, discourse analysis or any special model or abstract framework that was utilized as a part of the investigation ought should be stated and defended.

Question 7: What is the Importance of the Study?

Disclose your commitment to the present data pool. You should put forth a defense for the significance of your analysis. To respond to this question, you should present a defense for how and why the study can encourage the governmentt to move toward the creation and advancement of arrangements.

Question 8: Did you connect any hole from your Study?

You should utilize your tutorial logical research to unwind existing downside. Inspect present issues. At this stage you need to layout the issues that your analysis was led to approach.

Question 9: What Limitations Did You Encounter?

This is another simple yet sensitive question. To address this question, you should be careful with words as you will trap yourself. Be adequately vigilant to not supply out yourself. Endeavor to not cite the imperatives in your information analysis techniques as this would deduce that your assessment can be one-sided or not well researched. Utilize simple and extra clear confinements simply like the issues you encountered connection addresses and task as critical limiting your investigation

Question 10: What Area unit is the main discoveries/Findings of this Research Analysis?

Quickly put forth a defense for the final result of your study. Please it's significant at this phase you simply connect the final result of your study to your analysis question to stay away from or turn out of direction. Associate your findings to your analysis objectives/questions. this may build the board to successfully be continued.

Question 11: Do Your Findings Compare With Alternative Analysis During This Field?

Rundown  your findings and rundown out the findings of alternative that comes within the same field and highlight the gaps that your analysis serves to fill. put forth a defense for anyway the findings of alternative analyzers exclusively serve to go with anyway not to invalidate your research.

Question 12: Treat And Justify Your Analysis Methodology.

To move beyond this piece of your instructional exercise analysis barrier, you need to have a sound data of your Chapter three. Put forth a defense for your analysis methodology and also the reason behind your alternative of that method. At this time your ability to justify your sample size and technique are extremely rewarded here.

Question 13: Why Opt For This Method?

You ought to have the option to at this stage put forth a defense for the explanations behind your alternative of methodology. If you’re aiming to defend your analysis then you’re undoubtedly aiming to defend your analysis methodology and this is often not as troublesome because it could appear, simply quotes studies wherever this methodology are utilized in the past to support the rationale behind your alternative of methodology.

Question 14: On arriving at Your Discoveries/Findings What Are Your Recommendations?

Proposals are fundamental in each study . You should, manufacture proposals. However I think if you’ve got survived the educational analysis defense method up to the purpose wherever you’re asked this question then you won’t have any drawback, after you are asked to reveal your recommendations.

Question 15: What And Where Did You Get And Go Wrong?

Once more, you need to abstain from uncovering your risk. You’ll imply obvious mistakes like grammatical errors and typographies however don’t ever choose a hole in your methodology or statistics. Avoid exposing the weak points in your analysis.

Question 16: Supported Your Findings, What Areas Can You Recommend For Future Research?

At the point when you are asked this explicit tutorial scientific research defense question you ought to try and build suggestions for future researchers as an example, if I researched on the challenges of automatic teller machine usage in Federal Republic of Nigeria, a decent space for future study could also be in electronic banking or purpose of sales systems.

The best gratitude to move beyond this, you regularly need to recognize the information gaps still existing inside the realm of your study.  These information gapss should as of now be clear to you all through the analysis method.

Question 17: What Is The Practicality Of Your Research?

This question is regularly direct for science students and engineering students aside from the social researchers or the administration science students it’s going to be a small amount difficult as a result of their analysis area unit principally within the kind of abstracts.

 Be that as it may, you should endeavor your best to be practical here. Use examples and illustrations which are relatable and relevant can score you smart purpose here.

Question 18: Would You Summarize Your Study To A Professional In An Exceedingly Few Sentences?

Here you should start with terminologies associated with your analysis, for example, what you are required to know to be knowledgeable of that field. Just outline the technical importance of your analysis. Your ability to give specific infomation from the findings can score you incredible marks here.

Question 19: What Would You Edit If You Were To Conduct The Study Again?

Some of the time such tutorial research project defense question area unit requested to lure you into exposing the weaknesses in your research; the question is supposed to purpose you towards the weaknesses in your research thus please simply do a similar issue I asked you to try to in question six.

Question 20: What is Your Activity Instrument?

This instructional exercise logical project defense question is solely associate degree inquiry concerning your information assortment methodology for the study. Here you state if questionnaires were distributed or information was gotten from secondary sources.

Question 21: What Are Your Analysis Variables?

Here you should prevail upon the board members that you simply comprehend what you're talking concerning project topics and it defense. You wish to explain your independent and dependent variable(s) to prevail upon them that you just set your area unit on purpose. Your variables area unit gift in your project topic. You wish to detect these variables and understand their definitions likewise to be expert in your defense.

Question 22: What Are Your Analysis Questions?

This shouldn't cause any test at all as your analysis queries area unit clearly declared in chapter one.

Question 23: What Do You Commit To Do Together With Your Scientific Research Once Graduation?

In the event that you propose to distribute your analysis or build some components of it out there to a web diary then this is regularly the half any place you'd notice at that. Proposing that you simply need to make your analysis out there on-line for future analysts or as area of an internet publication is often a awfully spectacular plan.

Question 24: What Supply Of Knowledge Was Used For The Study?

Right now you must express the source(s) you purchased data from. Ordinarily you must state whether data was gotten from primary or secondary supply or each. You'll extra prevail upon the board of trustees members  by discoursing on literature reviewed for the study-both theoretical and empirical.

Question 25: What Theories Or Theoretical Framework Is Your Study Primarily Based On?

Never pick your  research project defense without information of a minimum of 2 relevant theories that relate to your study. For instance, the "effect of inspiration on workers profitability" are bolstered Maslow's Theory and elective speculations of inspiration.

On the off chance that you can not see important theories to keep a copy your study, consult your supervisor for  encourage or send America a mail permit us to interface you with a chase proficient.

Question 26:  Would You Relate Your Findings To Existing Theories On The Study?

Presently this is an express project defense question. It is reasonable to analyze anyway your research relates with existing theories in your study. You ought to understand existing theories on the topic matter also as empirical studies too.. Your capacity to connect your findings to previous analysis studies (regardless of whether they concur or not) can go an all-encompassing way in securing  your study.

Question 27: Has your intuition adjusted as a result of your research?

They need to comprehend what your initial opinion concerning the study was and that they are observance to find out if your opinion have adjusted over the span of the stdy. you’ve got to be terribly careful in respondent this queries as a result of you want to offer tangible reasons for any amendment in opinion and if care isn’t taking you will build your analysis appear obsolete by voice communication your opinion concerning the analysis modified throughout the course of the study. Be frightfully cautious once responding to such research or project defense question that will invalidate your research.

Question 28: What suggestions do you  have for future research?

This research project defense question is asking  you from areas that you are very well might have extra research on. This is regularly and basically done by distinctive problems around you that don’t seem to be however analyzed and highlight them out as stuffed with prospects for future research.

Question 29: What is The Scope Of The Study?

Express the limit line of the study  quickly. This may be date or earth science or each.

Question 30: What Question(S) Do You Have For The Committee?

Not a potential instructional tutorial logical research defense question in our Nigerian setting. This is frequently an opportunity to act together with your committee members and raise some constructive queries. Try not to raise senseless or too inconvenient findings in light of the fact that the objective should be to make the board members feel on the grounds that the "judges". It'll moreover go an all-encompassing way in indicating that you just area unit an amazing and guaranteed

Knowing and getting the topic is of embodiment. Care ought to be taken to know the rudiments of all of issue which emerge in the issue and how to handle them. Having great relational abilities help as well. Be professional and abrupt when you ought to be.

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Above are the most effective project defense questions that you will be asked by the board members and below are the steps to defend your project effectively with colourful result

Project in all is an individual or community task, potentially associated with research or configuration work that is painstakingly arranged, usually by a project team to achieve a particular aim.

Right now, we  will concentrate on eight significant angles on the most proficient method to defend a final year project effectively

1.Get Ready For Questions: If you are getting ready for questions that might be asked during your defense, at that point your answers will stream easily and adequately. This will demonstrate your insight regarding the topics, and reinforcing your contention. Ask loved ones like friend and family, read your work for them to listen to your presentation, and record down questions. You might be lucky that the panel will ask you those you have just getting prepared on.

2. Solid Summary:  Summarizing your parts will help keep your crowd centered in light of the fact that it is simple for a mind to drift, so giving summaries will ensure your panel will follow along, regardless of whether they lose focus for a brief moment. Visual associates, for example, graphs and power-point presentations can be useful. On the off chance that you are going to utilize these, ensure you will rehearse your presentation  with them.

3. Be Bold in Your Project Work: Not knowing your point back to front will make you battle and eventually come up short with your project defense. You have to know the topic  from each point to guarantee you are completely arranged for any question that may comes your direction.

4. Conclusion: Reinforce your findings to round up your defense. The finale of your presentation should concentrate on demonstrating the work that has been finished. You may need to recap on what has changed and stayed unchange, if it  is necessary.

5 . Tune in or Listen: Before you get cautious or recount a specific answer, ensure you really understand the question being asked. Being a decent audience is a significant quality, on the grounds that giving a mistaken or off-topic answer will likewise debilitate the legitimacy of your paper.

On the off chance that you don't have the foggiest idea about the appropriate response, answer that you don't have the data accessible to give an exact answer. Almost certainly, the panel knows the response to that specific inquiry you were being asked, thus they will realize that the one you are giving is a wrong answer. Likewise you should not be shy in approaching or asking the panel  for a question  to be repeted on the off chance that you didn't get it well, this will assemble your trust in the way to deal with your reaction.

6. Do Adequate Research on Your Topic: Before defending your project, you should source for similar materials on you topic, center focus on how the problems were identified and addressed. Identify your keywords, variables, background of the study and also be able to explain in detail your abstract and conclusion off-hand before your defense date.

7. Know What Motivate You For Your Researc Project: Most final year students  in Nigeria defending their projects do not perform well since they neglect to distinguish their motives in their study. The inspiration for your project is most likely the principal answer to any question you might be asked  in the defense hall or room.

Before a research project is attempted, there is normally an issue to understand. The craving to tackle that issue will turn into your motivation for the study. Try not to utilize cash to look into without investing your effort, your energy to take care of an issue ought to be your motivation towards your study.

Inspiration for the study  is the best to apply in addresses like "why attempt this study? Enlighten us regarding your work" so in the event that you were utilizing cash to compose your project, by what means will you inform the panel  concerning your motivation towards your work?

8. Proficient or Professional  Discussion on Your Project Topic: Make your friends and family your panel members, and defend  before them. Advise them to reprimand and ask you various questions. With this small preparation you will tune your mentality for what a defense hall will look like. You can likewise look for proficient or professional assistance before defense date.

Here are some few tips that will help you on your defense day.

Rehearse with friends again and again before entry into the defense hall which we have already considered above.
Develop good self-esteem and confidence.

Comport yourself well and for ladies don’t apply much make up on your faces during your defense, when you are out of the hall you can make up as much as you want.

CHOOSING GOOD PROJECT TOPICS AND DEVELOPING TIPS

CHOOSING GOOD PROJECT TOPICS AND DEVELOPING TIPS

The educational curriculum states that the end goal is to be granted a degree after the graduation. Before this, there is a need for students to carry out research in their field of studies. Consequently, this is done at the final year level in all university institutions. A considerable number of final year students has challenges in regards to choosing their project topics. This is because they lack knowledge on the rudiments of picking a decent research project topic with the end goal, such that most students score terrible marks at the end of it or even have to change the project topic halfway through. This article is therefore targeted at helping final year students to know the basics in regards to choosing and developing their final year project topics.

A research work is an essay that presents the results of a writer’s (students) investigation of a particular topic in print, electronic, or multimedia format. The skills involved—finding, evaluating, and assimilating the ideas of other writers—are essential in any field of study. They will also be useful to you in your career. Most of the writing you do on the job, especially if you are in management, it requires you to express in your own words the facts, opinions, and ideas of others.
     Writing a research project work follows the same process as other kinds of writing, from planning through drafting to revising. The difference is that instead of relying exclusively on what you already know about a topic, you include source material—facts, data, knowledge, or opinions of other writers—to support your thesis. This section explains the different kinds of source material you can choose from and tells you the strengths and weaknesses of each. See How to Summarize, Paraphrase, and Quote from Sources on this article for information on how to integrate into your paper the information you have found.

A research project work is not simply a collection of what other people have said about a subject. It is your responsibility to shape and control the discussion, to make sure that what you include from your sources is interesting and relevant to your thesis, and to comment on its validity or significance. It is your project, your thesis, your key ideas. Ideas from other writers should be included as support for your topic sentences.
     One of the challenges of writing a research project work is differentiating between your ideas and those you took from sources. Readers cannot hear the different “speakers,” so you have to indicate who said what. To separate your sources from your own ideas, research papers require documentation—a system of acknowledging source materials. Research works are usually longer than essays, and the planning process is more complex. For these reasons, the time you are given to complete a research assignment is usually longer than the time allowed for an essay. Don’t fool yourself into thinking you can put the assignment off for a few weeks. You will need all the time you’ve been given to find the sources you need, decide what you want to say, and then draft, revise, and polish your paper. Supervisors assign research papers so that they can assess not only your research skills but also your writing skills.

STEPS IN CHOOSING PROJECT TOPICS

To choose a good research topic and make the procedure less frustrating, we recommend the accompanying method for the determination of the research project works:

1. Decide on a useful zone or zones of essential interest, for example, accounting, banking and finance, business administration, computer science, economics, education, marketing,  mass communication et cetera.

2. Next, pick a sub-region from the practical territory. For example, a student who has an interest in human resources may pick a research topic on the hospital working environment or organizational behavior

3. Look for the possible research topic in that sub-region.

4. Familiarize yourself with the subject matter relating to the proposed project topic idea.

5. Evaluate any provisional topic you pick precisely and fundamentally. A student ought to have not less than three speculative topics in. He ought to pick the topic which is most alluring to him or her among alternate topics having analyzed the upsides and downsides of every one of the case study.

6. Finally, present the chosen topics to the supervisor for facilitating discourse, clarifications, and elaborations if it requires.

CRITERIA FOR CHOOSING PROJECT TOPICS

It is plainly making no sense to embark on a case study  you know almost nothing or nothing about. Though, it can obviously be contended that the student can acquaint himself with the project topic idea over the span of the investigation or study. But there are somewhere around two issues with this: firstly, he/she might not be able to defend it before the supervisor. Secondly, he/she may discover later that the research topic is more troublesome than foreseen or that the required research project materials are not accessible. He could even lose interest in the research work because of any of these unexpected challenges. The accompanying criteria should along these lines be borne in the mind of the students:

INTEREST IN THE PROJECT TOPIC

Numerous students have amidst their research, surrendered or abandon their research project topic for another one since they didn't have enough managing interest for it, in the first instance. For a few, they may have chosen it since it was proposed by the supervisor or some different people they couldn't state too. They may have felt that dismissing the project topic at that point would have added up to being ungrateful on their part which could be viewed as an affront to the supervisor. Whichever way, it is perilous to take a project topic you are not so much inspired by in light of the fact that when it gets extreme, your interest for the project topic is the thing that will support you more than some other things. One of the most important parts of doing a research work is choosing a topic. By choosing wisely, you can ensure that your research will go smoothly and that you will enjoy doing it when choosing a topic that you care about. A topic is a broad area of interest, such as AfricanAmerican history or animal behavior. One way to approach the search for a research topic is first to choose a general area of interest and then to focus on some part of it. Make sure that you have a real reason for wanting to explore the topic. Often the best project topics for research works are ones that are related to your own life or to the lives of people you know. If you are already keeping a “writing ideas” list in your journal or in your writing portfolio, you can refer to that list for possible topics. If you are not regularly listing your writing ideas, you might consider starting to do so now.

RESEARCHABLE PROJECT TOPIC

What makes a project topic researchable is the point at which you can research solid information to answer the research questions. A project topic that is researchable can be known to utilize available and scientific tools and techniques. Likewise, a research work might be un-researchable not on the grounds that the pertinent information doesn't exist, but rather in light of the fact that the student doesn't approach them. Your first step in writing a research work is the same as your first step in any writing task: select a suitable topic, preferably one you are convesant with. Whether you are assigned a topic or choose your own, don’t rush off to the library or log onto the Internet right away. A little preparation up front will save you a lot of time and possibly much grief later on.
     First of all, if you’re not sure of what your supervisor expects from you, clarify what is required of you.

Next, consider what approach you might take in presenting your topic. Does it lend itself to a comparison? Process? Cause or effect? If the topic is assigned, often the wording of the research will suggest how your supervisor wants you to develop it. Deciding up front what kind of paper you are going to write will save you hours of work, both in the library and at your desk.
     When you’ve decided, at least tentatively, on the approach you’re going to take, you are ready to focus on the kind of information you need to look for in your research. For example, if you’ve been asked to evaluate a contemporary Canadian novel, you won’t waste time discussing the history of the novel or its development since 1950. You can restrict your investigation to sources that contain information relevant to your specific subject.
     Once you have an idea of the kind of information you need in order to develop your topic, it’s time to find the best sources you can. 

FEASIBILITY OF STUDY

The possibility of the final year project alludes to what it will take the student to finish the research topic as far as the expense of the final year project, the monetary use, and the time allotment for the final year research. Thusly, it is vital that the student from the beginning, gauge that he has everything necessary to finish the research project regarding fund and research materials, and furthermore that he will have the capacity to finish the final year research inside the time period allotted for it. In the event that the response to this is negative, at that point he should forsake the project topic before setting out on it.

AVOID PLAGIARISM

Plagiarism is presenting someone else’s ideas as your own. It’s a form of stealing (the word comes from the Latin word plagiarius, which means “kidnapper”). There have been famous cases of respected journalists and academics who have been accused of plagiarizing the articles or books they have written. Suspected plagiarists who are found guilty often lose their jobs. Sometimes the accusation alone is enough to compromise an author’s reputation and thus prevent him or her from continuing to work as a scholar or writer.
     Students who copy essays or parts of essays from source material, download them from the Internet, or pay someone else to write them are cheating. And, in so doing, they commit a serious academic offence. Sometimes, however, academic plagiarism is accidental. It can result from careless note-taking or an incomplete understanding of the conventions of documentation. It is not necessary to identify the sources of common knowledge (e.g., Margaret Atwood is one of Canada’s best-known authors; British Columbia is Canada’s westernmost province) or proverbial sayings (e.g., Love is blind), but when you are not sure whether to cite a source, it’s wise to err on the side of caution and provide documentation. Statistics should always be cited because the meaning of numbers tends to change, depending on who is using them and for what purpose.
     If, after you have finished your first draft, you are not sure which ideas need documenting and which don’t, take your research notes and your outline to your supervisor and ask. It’s better to ask before submitting a paper than to try to explain a problem afterward. Asking saves you potential embarrassment as well as time.

TIPS ON WRITING A RESEARCH  WORK

1. Even though your supervisor may be your only reader, think of your potential audience as the other students who are taking the course with you, those who took it in recent years, and those who will take it in the near future. This way, you can count on a certain amount of shared knowledge. For a course in economics, for example, you can assume your audience knows what the Phillips curve relationship is; a definition would be superfluous. For a course in literature, you won’t need to inform your readers that Jonathan Swift was an 18th-century satirist. Think of your readers as colleagues who want to see what conclusions you have reached and what evidence you have used to support them.
2. Manage your time carefully. Divide the work into a number of tasks, develop a schedule that leaves lots of time for revision, and stick to your schedule.
3. Choose a topic that interests you. Define it as precisely as you can before beginning your research, but be prepared to modify, adapt, and revise it as you research and write your paper.
4. If you cannot find appropriate sources, ask a reference librarian for help.
5. When making notes, always record the author, title, publication data, and page numbers of the source. For electronic sources, note also the URL, the name of the database or site, the name of the institution or organization sponsoring the site, either the date of publication or the date the source was last revised, and the date you accessed the site.
6. Use your source material to support your own ideas, not the other way around.
7. Document your sources according to whatever style your supervisor prefers.
8. Revise, edit, and proofread carefully. If you omit this step, the hours and weeks you have spent on your assignment will be wasted, not rewarded.

THE MOST EFFECTIVE METHOD TO WRITE A GOOD BUSINESS PROPOSAL

THE MOST EFFECTIVE METHOD TO WRITE A GOOD BUSINESS PROPOSAL

A proposal (business) is a written idea from a dealer to a - would - be purchaser, normally a key advance in the whole unpredictable deals process that places the purchasers necessities in a setting that favors the venders items and benefits and teaches the purchasers about the ability of the merchants to address their issues. A proposal can be officially requested, casually requested or spontaneous. Proposals are requested when they are written dependent on distributed commercial. The advert could be demand for proposal, demand for citation, greeting for offer or solicitation for data. Additionally, proposal is casually requested when it is an aftereffect of a discussion between a purchaser and a dealer and it can likewise be alluded to as a sole-source proposal. While proposal is spontaneous when it is conventional, insignificant market handout and there is no association between merchants needs and sellers prerequisites.

Loads of proposal are dismissed reason they don't keep the organization's necessary standard, consequently, this article give a sort of a check list on the prerequisites to compose a decent officially requested proposal that can contend all inclusive.

i.          Clearly name your bundle requesting number: most occurrences proposals experience superfluous divisions and immaterial units in the firm since they don't have appropriate sales number. Firms get a lot of mail on day by day bases, so if your bundle doesn't have any sales number, your proposal may not get the required consideration. So to make it exceptionally direct and simpler for the firm and to guarantee your proposal goes to the correct organizer, naming your sales number is a perquisite.

ii.         Make sure you incorporate your contact data: the firm may have an inquiry to get in touch with you and if there is no contact telephone number on it, the firm may not reach you.

iii.        Make sure your bundle/sectionsis composed dependent on the standard set by the purchaser on the proposal demand. In most proposal demand, there is an area called proposal entries. It is in reality acceptable to follow carefully the proposal accommodation rules. This is fundamental in light of the fact that the assessment boards of trustees for the most part follow the rule in their assessment and they may miss some pertinent area if the rule isn't carefully followed while documenting the proposal.

iv.        Make sure that your proposal is flawlessly composed: most occasions individuals go through days, many months to set up a proposal yet they mess it up when they present a disorderly proposal. Not sorting out your proposal imparts an off-base sign and may damage your odds of being chosen.

v.         Make sure you present your proposal at the correct area

vi.        Make sure you check the proposal accommodation necessity: it is useful to investigate the proposal accommodation prerequisite to ensure all the necessary reports are remembered for the accommodation

vii.       Give yourself an opportunity to truly ensure that your proposal is finished, compact and it incorporates the portrayal for every accommodation thing.

viii.      Make sure you accentuation the assessment criteria. On the off chance that the call has strategy for grant, ensure you study it and accentuation the focuses with the most noteworthy scores.

ix.        Get explanation if need be from the specialized contacts in the call early

x.         Make sure you present your proposal auspicious. Attempt however much as could reasonably be expected to bit the cutoff time.

All in all, these ten agendas are useful in a triumphant a proposal in any association.

https://researchwap.com/post/the-most-effective-method-to-write-a-good-business-proposal

HOW TO DEVELOP A TABLE OF CONTENT FOR A RESEARCH PROJECT WORK

A table of content in project composing is essentially the reflection of the project. A table of content can be characterized as the nitty-gritty review of a project by which a writer layout the various headings, subheadings of conversation on project work and where or pages every one of this information can be gotten. So for the simple route of pages on project work, it is prudent for research writers to outfit its readers with a table of content.

A table of content is a guide for the readers and all things considered, it ought to be valuable, blunder free and directly to the focuses. In the event that you simply set out as a beginner recorded as a hard copy your final year project as an undergrad and you are stressing over, how to build up a decent table of content for your project. Indeed, stress no more since I am x-raying how one can build up a table of content for research project work.

Develop the research project work first:

To get a mistake free table of content, it is convenient that you work out the research project work first, to make certain of the final headings for each research review and furthermore the right numbering. So one need to complete the research project work before composing the table of content.

Put finishing touches to the reveiw:

Put the fundamental editing work to the write up like legitimate numbering the pages and having suitable headings and revising every single vital mistake, so that on the off chance that you are physically making the table out of content, you wouldn’t omit or include what was already deleted or omitted

CheckSketch how the table of content will resemble:

It is important to have a review of your table of content before including it on your main project work, so feel free to have a sketch of your table of contents and make all the vital redresses and contributions before moving or utilizing it for the research project work.

Editing the table of content:

A decent table of content needs legitimate editing. So it is relevant that following rules are adjusted *Create two sections on the page to demonstrate the headings on one side and the figures of pages where the headings are situated on the opposite side. The title of the headings ought to be on the left while the quantity of the pages where the headings are situated on the right. Compose subheadings underneath the featuring of each laid out heading. *Use single line dispersing when composing and the text dimension ought to be '12'

Check for completeness:

The table of content when done ought to be reconsider to be certain that all that should finish it is set up. Verify the spellings of each heading, subheading and that each heading or subheading compares with relating page or segment numbers in the correct section.

HOW TO DEVELOP A TABLE OF CONTENT FOR A RESEARCH PROJECT WORK - https://researchwap.com/post/how-to-develop-a-table-of-content-for-a-research-project-work

THE INFLUENCE OF ONLINE MARKETING ON REAL ESTATE BUSINESS

THE INFLUENCE OF ONLINE MARKETING ON REAL ESTATE BUSINESS

BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

The growth of the use of the Internet, and in particular the World Wide Web, over the last 10 years has been phenomenal and impacted on nearly every area of life in developed societies. One of the most important aspects of peoples’ lives is their physical living conditions and in Nigeria just like in many other countries. Traditionally Nigeria has adopted new technology rapidly, with the relatively large population of over 170 million and the high demand for housing. Internet use has followed this pattern with World Wide Web access now available to the vast majority of Nigerian homes.

The Internet is still seen as a fairly new tool by many people. With respect to the current graphic-intensive state of the media (multi-media presentations) and encrypted e-commerce (secure on-line purchasing) used on the internet, this technology is very new (Birvin, 1999). However, the backbone of the Internet has roots going all the way back to the Soviet Union’s launching of Sputnik in 1957. In response (to Sputnik), US forms the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), the following year, within the Department of Defense (DOD) to establish America's lead in science and technology applicable to the military. Real estate listings were part of the fabric of the Internet. Originally, entire Usenet message boards were reserved for listing homes, with eager homeowners looking to cut out the real estate commission which has been in operation in advanced countries (Rosen, 1996). When the Internet started to boom, real estate practitioners got in on the game as well, adding their listings on their own sites. Real estate services also started developing Internet platforms. In 1996, LendingTree.com introduced their marketplace concept. This was the first service offered for real estate that existed only in cyberspace. Many other banks offering on-line loans already existed, but this showed the unique power of the Internet. Today, sites offer a myriad of real estate services in an online environment all over the world. While some of them have traditional brick and mortar operations, many of these new companies exist only over TCPIP (Transmission Control Protocol over Internet Protocol) (Rosen, 1996).

The role of internet marketing in real estate has grown profoundly over the past few years. In an industry that once used print media as its primary form of delivering the marketing message, there is now an urgent need to have transitioned to the internet in order to reach today's homebuyer. An online presence is a vital component of a real estate professional's marketing strategy. Because today's consumers want accurate information quickly and conveniently, real estate professionals must harness the features and capabilities of online marketing to meet these ever-increasing needs. In this study, the researcher will provide information on the influence of online marketing on real estate business.

Real estate is an information-intensive business. Agents connect buyers to sellers through control and dissemination of information. Agents are valued for the information skills they bring to making both listings and sales. Since houses are expensive, not easily describable and infrequently bought or sold, most individuals still feel the need for assistance with this transaction from a professional. As well, these are all factors that tend to increase transactions costs (Williamson, 1981). However, the use of online marketing in real estate business can be used to disintermediate the traditional agent and broker is of focal interest here, as it potentially threatens the traditional relationship between agent and home owner. Disintermediation is the elimination or displacement of market intermediaries, enabling direct trade with buyers and consumers without agents (Wigand, 1997).

1.2   STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Real estate is a promising setting for studying online marketing because it is an information-intensive and information-driven industry; transaction-based, with high value and asset-specificity; market-intermediary (agents and brokers connect buyers and sellers rather than buying or selling themselves); and experiencing on-going information technology (IT) related changes through online marketing. In an attempt to increase popularity, productivity and profitability, real estate agents and brokerage firms are using the Internet to deliver market information to consumers about the residential real estate market. This study examines to what extent has online marketing influenced real estate business.
1.3   OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The following are the objectives of this study:

To examine the influence of online marketing on real estate business. To determine the effectiveness of online marketing in real estate business. To identify the problems associated with online marketing in real estate business.

1.4   RESEARCH QUESTIONS

What is the influence of online marketing on real estate business? What is the effectiveness of online marketing in real estate business? What are the problems associated with online marketing in real estate business?

1.5   HYPOTHESIS
HO: Online marketing does not influence real estate business
HA: Online marketing

 does influence real estate business
1.6   SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The following are the significance of this study:

The result from this study will educate the general public on the rudiments of online marketing and especially how it can influence the real estate business. This research will also serve as a resource base to other scholars and researchers interested in carrying out further research in this field subsequently, if applied will go to an extent to provide new explanation to the topic.

1.7   SCOPE/LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
This study on the influence of online marketing on real estate business will cover the level of online marketing in Nigeria especially in the real estate development sector. It will also cover the online business activities of real estate agents in Nigeria.
LIMITATION OF STUDY
Financial constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).
Time constraint- The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.
REFERENCES
Bivins R. (1999): New Houston Realty Firm Has Success Melding Internet, Standard Approach, Knight-Ridder/Tribune Businesss News November 7 1999.
Rosen.,(1996) Virtual Reality Real Estate-Agents Face Extinction in an Information Rich Century 21, Dallas Observer, January 18,1996, pg.6
Wigand, R. T., Picot, A. and Reichwald, R. (1997). Information, Organization and Management: Expanding Markets and Corporate Boundaries. Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons.
Williamson, O. E. (1981). The economics of organization: The transaction cost approach. American Journal of Sociology, 87(3), 548–577.

PYROLYSIS STUDIES OF GROUNDNUT SHELL

 1.1. INTRODUCTION

Biomass resources including wood and wood wastes, agricultural residues, municipal solid waste, animal wastes, wastes from food processing and aquatic plants and algae. They are renewable resources whose utilization has received great attention due to environmental consideration and the increasing demand of energy worldwide. (Bakat et. al., 2009; Tsai et.al., 2007). Biomass can be converted to  energy via tgermochemical conversion processes such as direct combustion, pyrolysis and gasification. (Pattiya Suttibak, 2012). Fast pyrolysis or rapid pyrolysis is mostly applied to biomass so as to change it to less energy- dense solid form into liquid form which called Bio-oil. It is thermal decomposition occurring in the absent of Oxygen.

In fast pyrolysis, biomass decomposes very quickly to generate mostly vapourised quickly to generate mostly vapourised and some charcoal and non- considerable gas. After cooling and condensation, a dark brown homogeneous mobile liquid is formed which has heating value about half that of conventional fuel oil. A high yield of liquid is obtained with most biomass feed low in ash. (Bridgewater, 2012).

Many researchers studied the production of bio-oil from various types of biomass by many fast pyrolysis reaction configuration. The yield of bio-oil could be as high as 75wt% on dry biomass feed depending on the type of biomass  and the reaction unit. (Bridgewater, 2012). Bio-oil can be used as an alternative fuel i n furnaces and engines in order to produce heat and power. In addition bio-oil can be used as a raw material for chemical production. Groundnut and peanut are species of legumes. They are oil crops. Also, oilpalm, soybeans, coconuts, sesame and castor beans. The main sources of groundnuts are in China, India, Nigeria, USA, Myanmar, Indonesia, Sudan, Vietnam and Thailand. (FAO, 2013). Typically, groundnut is grown for food production.

Lately, groundnut is also a feedstock for oil production. Residues from groundnut is called SHELL. The shell is mostly burnt in the fields, and are not efficiently used for energy. Only small part of the groundnut shell is used as a compost and animal feed. By applying fast pyrolysis technology to groundnut shell for bio-oil production, the advantage is not only on fuel value aspect, but also on the environmental aspect. Abnisa et al., 2011, studied production of bio-oil via pyrolysis of palm shell in a fix-bed reactor and find that the bio-oil yield was 46.4%wt at 500°c and contain high water and oxygen.

1.2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

All over the world, increase in the demand of fuel for I.C engines in day to day life,there is need for alternative fuel energy sources such as vegetable oil, orange oil, Cashew nut oil, and tyre pyrolysis etc. (Faith Demirbas M. 2007). Also, due to increase in energy needs, especially for the environmental benign energy, the biomass waste, as a renewable source of energy, is of great potentiality. (Mazlam M. A. F et al. 2015). The amount of available biomass residues for conversion into renewable fuels and value added products is quite immense. Finding an environmental and sustainable method for utilization of biomass waste has become a critical problem in many agricultural countries. The biomass waste can be considered as a zero waste net CO2 energy source because the CO2 generated by biomass combustion can be absorbed and recycled from the atmosphere by replanting harvested biomass.(Mikulcic H. et al. 2014)

The use of biomass thus makes no contribution to the increase of CO2 in the atmosphere. (Mckendry P., Et al. 2002). During the past decade, harnessing energy from biomass has grown tremendously. (Kumar A. Et al.)

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The major objectives of the research is pyrolysis of Groundnut shell.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. What is the meaning of pyrolysis?

2. What is the effects of pyrolysis on Groundnut shell?

3. What are the end products of pyrolysis of groundnut shell?

1.5. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Biowastes are converted into useful pyrolysis oil by using different techniques such as hydrolysis, gasification, liquefaction, dry combustion, pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion, and bio photolysis. (Ganapathy Sundaram E. 2009). The pyrolysis is one of the important method for production of oil from biomass waste and it has been divided into there categories, which are fast, slow and Vacuum pyrolysis. Pyrolysis is a thermochemical process,it converts the biowaste into liquid, gas and solid prosucts. (Dmitri A. 2011; Nirwan Sharif, 2012; Augustinova J.2013; Theodore Dickerson, 2013).

The pyrolysis has certain benefits compared to the other methods like operating cost, low pressure, simple procedure and higher efficiency. This produces bio-oil from the biomass. The biomass is heated at higher temperature in the closed combustion system at absence of oxygen to produce pyrolysis by-products such as pyrogas, pyrolytic oil, and Char. (Nurun Nabi MD, 2011; Prakash R. 2011).

1.6. SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The research focus on the pyrolysis of Groundnut shell.

REFERENCES

1. Abnisa F., Wan Daud WMA, Sahu J.N., 2011. Optimization and characterization studies on bio-oil production from palm shell by pyrolysis using response surface methodology. Biomass and bioenergy 35, 3604-3616.

2. Balat M., Balat M., Kertay E., Balat H. 2009. Main routes for the thermo conversion of Biomass into fuels and chemicals. Past 1: pyrolysis systems. Energy conversion and management 50, 3147-3157.

3. Bridgewater AV. 2012. Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading. Biomass and bioenergy 38, 68-94.

4. Dmitri A. Bulushev, Julian R.H. Ross. Catalysis for conversion of Biomass to fuels via Pyrolysis and gasification. A review Journal of catalysis today, 2011. Vol no 171 pp 1-13.

5. Faith Demirbas M. and Mustafa Balat. Biomass pyrolysis for liquid fuels and chemicals. A review journal of scientific and industrial research 2007. Vol no 66, pp 797-804.

6. F.A.O. 2013. Food and Agriculture organization of the united nation for a World without hunger (FAOSTAT).

7. Fu P., Hu S. and Xiang J.et al. FTIR study of pyrolysis products evolving from typical agricultural residues. Journal of Analytical and applied pyrolysis. Vol 88, no 2, 2010 pp 117-123.

8. Ganapathy Sandaram E. and Natarajan E. Pyrolysis of Groundnut shell. An experiment investigation. The journal of Engineering research 2009. Vol no 6 pp 33-39.

9. Mazlan M. A. F., Uemura Y. and Osman N.B. et al. Fast pyrolysis of hardwood residues using a fixed bed drop type pyrolyzer. Energy conversion and management. Vol 98, 2015, pp 208-214.

10.  Mckendry P., Energy production from biomass (part 1). Overview of biomass, bioresource Technology. Vol 83, no 1, 2002, pp 37-46.

11.  Mikulcic H., Berg E. V. and Vujanovie M. et al. Numerical study of  co- firing pulverized coal and biomass inside a cement calcined, waste management and Research. Vol 32 No7, 2014 pp 661-669.

12. Nuruu Nabi MD, Sultan Mahmud MD, Monirujjaman MD and Shamim Akuten MD. Production of pyrolytic liquid using grass as feed material. International conference on mechanical engineering 2011.

13. Pattiya A., Suttibak S. 2012. Influence of a glass wool hot vapour filter on yields and properties of bio-oil derived from rapid pyrolysis of paddy residues. Bioresources Technology 116. 107-113.

14.  Kumar A., Wang I.J. and Dzenis Y.A. et al. Thermo gravimetric characterization of corn stover as gasification and pyrolysis feedstock. Biomass and bioenergy vol 32, no 5, 2008 pp 460-467.